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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Procedure, injector and remediation system of anoxic marine sediments. Procedure and system of remediation of anoxic marine sediments that includes the suction of seawater, which is carried out with a suction pump; storage in a tank of said aspirated seawater; oxygenation treatment in the seawater tank until it is saturated in oxygen with a bubbling system, said bubbling system being formed by a plurality of diffusers and an air blower, and the concentration of oxygen being measured with an oximeter; injection by means of a pump for driving said saturated water into a hydraulic circuit that has pipes with a plurality of injectors that are introduced into the sediment to be treated and in which the injectors have perforations through which the water saturated with oxygen is injected with a sequence 90-180 minutes of rest and 50-70 minutes of injection in said sediment. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2691307A1
    申请号:ES201730723
    申请日:2017-05-24
    公开日:2018-11-26
    发明作者:Cesar BORDEHORE FONTANET；María Del Mar CERDAN SALA
    申请人:Universidad de Alicante；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    PROCEDURE, INJECTOR AND REMEDIATION SYSTEM OF SEDIMENTS
    ANOXIC MARINES
    Field of the Invention
    5
    The present invention relates to a method of remediation of anoxic sediments on beaches, ports, estuaries or open sea, which is based on the aspiration of seawater, an intermediate treatment that manages to saturate the aspirated water in oxygen through a system of bubbling of air, and a final injection of said saturated water in the sediment to be treated in order to exchange the interstitial water with low concentration of oxygen in that medium for water saturated in oxygen, and for which also the system of elements and devices necessary to carry it out.
    This invention focuses on the field of sediment decontamination technologies 15 affected by both organic and inorganic substances, and more specifically in the works and techniques related to sediment regeneration and the conditions for public and recreational use of beaches , and the environmental conditioning of anoxic sediments extracted during dredging ports.
    20 State of the art
    The existence of anoxic muddy sediments on beaches neither controlled nor treated, is an environmental problem known within the sector of decontamination and environmental conditioning technologies, in fact, to date there is no other technique that allows to remedy said sediments that do not involve relocation. Given these specific problems arising from the non-control of sludge, for example of bad odors, the usual solution is reduced to dredging and management of these anoxic sludge elsewhere, usually by dumping them to a landfill, or in the same sea but in remote areas of the coast.
    30 In this sense, the presence of anoxic sediments is frequent in areas excessively protected by ports or breakwaters, where low hydrodynamics favors the sedimentation of fine material and the deposition of organic matter. For this reason, in these places anoxic zones rich in organic matter are generated in which the release of hydrogen sulfide, H2S, and the formation of ferrous sulphide, FeS, which together with the
    accumulated organic matter, give a bright black color to the sediments, a plastic texture and a characteristic foul odor.
    In addition to this problem of poor hydrodynamics caused mainly by anthropogenic factors, in recent decades an environmental problem has been added, which is based on a change in the benthic marine communities, where for example the Caulerpa algae proliferates has partially replaced the oceanic Posidonia phalangogams and Cymodocea nodosa. The presence of Caulerpa proliferates, due to the shape of its fronds, it favors the deposition of fine particles, and also generates a large amount of organic matter that accumulates in the sediment, increasing the already reducing conditions present in these areas of the coast.
    As a consequence of all these changes, the percentage of fine materials and organic matter in the sediment is enhanced, becoming muddy, which negatively affects the tourist potential and public use of the beaches, generating among others the presence of bad odors, in addition to reducing the biodiversity associated with these sediments, since the presence of H2S in the sediment, even in low concentrations, has a high toxicity over
    roots of the phanerogams, and ultimately, the environmental quality of the marine environment is reduced.
    In order to solve this problem, the works developed to date in the field of this invention describe procedures for the remediation of marine sediments in areas far from the first coast line and aimed at the elimination of pollutants of a very different origin from the one proposed in this invention, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, mineral oils, halogenated substances, heavy metals, or others, the decontamination treatments chosen in most of these works being known within the sector as "air sparging" and "biosparging".
    25 Consequently, the proposed invention has among its novelties:
    - the type of pollutant to be degraded, which in this case is organic matter and inorganic substances generated under anoxia conditions;
    - the accumulation zone thereof, which in the present invention are shallow beaches and areas of low hydrodynamics that accumulate anoxic sediments; Y
    30 - the procedure and equipment for carrying out sediment remediation
    muddy, which as described below is the injection of sea water saturated with oxygen, which has not been done so far.
    It should be noted that the great advantage of the present invention over other decontamination techniques currently available is its lower environmental impact, since it does not introduce any exogenous substance into the environment, it simply replaces the interstitial water of the sediment, which is poor in oxygen ( concentrations <2 mg O2 / L at 20 ° C), by water of 5 sea saturated in oxygen (concentrations «9 mg O2 / L at 20 ° C), achieving in less than 20 days, good oxygenation conditions that allow to degrade organic and inorganic compounds that accumulate under anoxia conditions, and that cause the formation of an unhealthy sludge.
    The present invention, compared to other methodologies, achieves the remediation of anoxic sediments in aquatic environments through the progressive substitution of anoxic or hypoxic interstitial water, by water saturated with oxygen, transforming an anaerobic sediment, with high organic matter content, plastic texture, black color and foul odor, in another that has good oxygenation conditions, less plasticity, is poor in organic matter, and has lost black color and stinky smell.
    15 Taking into account the methodologies existing in the state of the art, the procedure and the system described in the present invention solves the problem of the treatment and remediation of anoxic marine sediments, minimizing the environmental impact, and presents a solution with the that said sediment is regenerated and improves the conditions for public and recreational use of the areas of action, as well as improving the ability of the sediment to house wildlife and the associated plant and algal community.
    Description of the invention
    The present invention defines a method of remediation of anoxic marine sediments, whose scientific basis is focused on improving the contribution of dissolved oxygen in water to the different fractions of oxidizable organic matter and other reduced inorganic compounds that accumulate within a sediment , the solution described below being that of injecting sea water saturated with oxygen, so that the anoxic interstitial water present in the medium is displaced.
    30 The procedure comprises a series of stages, which are carried out by means of a type of instruments, which together form a system, as well as what monitoring parameters must be taken into account when implementing said procedure. .
    To begin, the procedure starts from an initial stage consisting of obtaining or capturing seawater, which is suctioned or aspirated with a water suction pump, either submersible or surface, which pours the sucked water into a tank or storage tank. This suction pump is an adjustable flow pump, since the inlet flow to the tank must be at least equal to that of the outlet, which is set forth below.
    The reservoir is an intermediate water storage place that is used for oxygen saturation. The volume of said reservoir is at least that necessary to meet the demand for water saturated in oxygen during an injection period. This volume, therefore, is conditioned by the rest of the elements and parameters of the injection.
    The deposit has the particularity of comprising:
    - a filtering system consisting of a plurality of filters that are located at the suction inlet of the seawater booster pump. These filters have a light between 5 and 55 microns, and their function is to prevent the entry of sediments or other particles
    15 in the tank and in the general injection circuit;
    -a continuous air bubbling system, consisting of a plurality of diffusers and an air blower. The diffusers are fine bubble, between 5-25 pm, located and distributed throughout the tank, whose function is to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water to reach values close to saturation, approximately between 6 and 9 mg 20 O2 / L at 20 ° C. For its part, the external blower is a blower of at least 0.2 kW. This
    The bubbling system is such that, the plurality of diffusers distributed along the bottom of the tank create a continuous and homogeneous bubbling, more efficient the smaller the bubble, and it makes the water in the tank in constant motion and the oxygen saturation Be homogeneous.
    25 - at least one oximeter submerged in the aquatic mass of the tank, whose function is that of
    measure the concentration of oxygen in the water, and perform continuous measurements.
    - Additionally, connected to the oximeter, a processor can be arranged to manage the variations in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water.
    - a pump for supplying the saturated water in the tank to the hydraulic circuit 30 of the saturated water injector. This drive pump is a pump between 2 atm and 130 atm of
    pressure, in which the injection of a thick sediment requires the use of a
    low pressure pump, while for a fine sediment a high pressure pump is required.
    Saturated water is introduced under pressure in a hydraulic circuit consisting of a plurality of pipes, which have a plurality of injectors. The number of 5 injectors depends on the number, diameter and length of the pipes. The hydraulic circuit has the particularity that it is designed so that each and every one of the injectors receives the same water flow and at the same pressure, therefore, at the ends of the hydraulic circuit additionally there are flow and pressure meters, to that the appearance of gradients causes the number of injectors to be limited. In principle, it is estimated that the distance 10 between injectors within a pipe is about 10-60 cm, and its distance is fixed by the diffusion of water saturated in oxygen in each injector, that is, each injection of each injector creates a bulb of saturated oxygen water in the sediment, so that the smaller the size of the bulb, the distance between injectors in the pipe is smaller.
    These injectors are the key element of the system. They are ducts that are introduced into the sediment at a depth of between 10 and 30 cm. These injectors are opaque ducts of rigid material for a correct introduction into the material of the sediment, being able to be of stainless steel or PVC, with a length between 40 and 120 cm, and a diameter between 4 and 12 mm, in which the end The lower part is sealed and has a conical configuration to facilitate the action of penetration into the sediment, and has from the conical area a plurality of radial perforations through which the saturated oxygen water is injected. Going into detail, preferably the height of said conical tip is around 4 and 24 mm, and the perforations are located in a section between 1 and 7 cm high at a distance of 2 to 7 cm from the conical area duct The perforations are preferably circular openings of between 0.5 and 3 mm in diameter, preferably between 25 and 25 perforations; although openings in the form of suitable mesh of nylon or steel with a mesh light of between 100 and 1000 microns can also be available.
    Once the injectors are introduced into the sediment to be treated, saturated oxygen water is injected from the reservoir. As a general rule, the pressure and flow used must be sufficient to displace the interstitial water, at a higher concentration of sediment fines, 30 the pressure must be greater, and as seen previously, this pressure is between 2 and 130 atm. . To achieve sediment regeneration, the injection of seawater saturated with oxygen is carried out with a frequency or injection cycle that varies between 50
    70 minutes of injection and 90 to 180 minutes of rest, and with a variable time depending on the sediment to be treated, being able to reach 30 days of work.
    Additionally, this procedure suggests the implementation of an environmental monitoring plan and verification of the efficiency of the method used, analyzing the changes that occur both in interstitial water and in the treated sediment itself. In particular, this work consists of monitoring over time, with temporary separation between measures between 3 and 7 days, at least the following parameters in interstitial water: redox potential, dissolved oxygen concentration, chemical oxygen demand, pH and sulphide sulfate concentration; and the organic matter content, smell and color of the sediment. It is also necessary to perform at least two measures prior to the start of treatment to be able to compare before-after.
    Finally, it should be noted that as a general rule anoxic aquatic sediments are defined as having a low concentration of dissolved oxygen and a negative redox potential, with typical values ranging between 0 and 2 mg O2 / L, and -50 and -200 mV respectively. The embodiment of the present invention, by removing the interstitial water from the sediment, low in oxygen and with negative redox potential, and its change by water saturated in oxygen and positive redox potential achieves the oxidation of the oxidizable organic matter, improving the conditions environmental and use of said sediments. In addition, this oxidation allows the elimination of toxic substances for the fauna that lives inside the sediment (infauna, 20 mainly mesofauna -20pm to 200 pm and macrofauna> 200 pm), mainly H2S; and also volatile malodorous substances are eliminated, such as reduced sulfur compounds that undermine the ability of a shallow beach to be used for bathing.
    In order to complete the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part thereof, where the following has been shown as an illustrative and non-limiting nature:
    Fig. 1 is a representation of the scheme of the injection system, in which all the elements with which the remediation procedure of 30 anoxic marine sediments is carried out are shown.
    Fig. 2 is a representation of an injector, which, as part of the system, is the element that is introduced into the marine sediment to be treated.
    5
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    Fig. 3 is a representation of a set of injectors.
    Statement of a detailed embodiment of the invention.
    Taking into account the previous figures, and in particular Figure 1, the procedure for the remediation of anoxic marine sediments is based on a series of stages that follow an established sequence and that includes the following steps:
    - seawater aspiration, which is carried out with an aspiration pump (2);
    - storage in a tank (3) of said aspirated seawater;
    - treatment in the tank (3) of seawater with a bubbling system until the water reaches a concentration of dissolved oxygen in a range between 6 and 9 mg O2 / L at 20 ° C, said bubbling system being formed by a plurality of diffusers (4) and an air blower (5), and the oxygen concentration being measured with an oximeter (7);
    - injection by means of an impeller pump (6) of said saturated water to a hydraulic circuit that has pipes (9) with a plurality of injectors (1) that are introduced into the sediment (10) to be treated and in which the injectors (1) have perforations where saturated water is injected into said sediment; Y
    - the injection of saturated water into the sediment (10) is carried out with an injection sequence between 90-180 minutes of rest and 50-70 minutes of injection.
    In this regard, it should be noted that bubbling is produced by a plurality of diffusers
    (4) fine bubble generators (40) between 5-25 pm in diameter; than the air blower
    (5) is exterior and of at least 0.2kW of power; that each injector (1) is introduced into the sediment (10) a depth (a) of between 10-30 cm (Figure 2); and that the injection pressure with which the impulse pump (6) injects the water saturated with oxygen into the hydraulic circuit is between 2 and 130 atmospheres.
    Additionally, in the tank (3) there is a filtering system consisting of a plurality of filters (8) that are preferably located at the inlet of the seawater aspiration, although it can also be at the outlet, in which the filters (8) have a light between 5 and 55 microns, and their function is to prevent the entry of sediments or other particles in the tank (3) and in the hydraulic injection circuit formed by the pipes (9) and
    injectors (1).
    As can be seen in detail in Figure 2, each injector (1) is a cylindrical conduit connected at its upper end to a pipe (9) of the hydraulic circuit, 5 which is introduced into the sediment (10) at a depth between 10 and 30 cm. This injector (1) is an opaque conduit of rigid material for a correct introduction into the sediment material (10), and preferably has a length between 40 and 120 cm, and a diameter between 4 and 12 mm. For the correct introduction into the sediment (10), the lower end (11) is sealed and has a conical configuration to facilitate penetration, 10 which preferably has a height in the area of 4 to 24 mm. From the conical zone, the injector (1) has a plurality of radial perforations (12) through which the saturated oxygen water is injected, generating an oxygenation bulb (13).
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the perforations (12) are located in a section between 1 and 7 cm high at a distance of 2 to 7 cm from the conical area of the conduit, said perforations being 15 circular openings between 0 , 5 and 3 mm in diameter, and having a total of between 15 and 25 openings. In another embodiment, said perforations (12) are openings in the form of suitable mesh of nylon or steel with a mesh light of between 100 and 1000 microns, in a strip similar to the previous one.
    Figure 3 shows a series of injectors (1) connected to a pipe (9) of the hydraulic circuit 20, in which a separation between injectors (1) is noticed. The distance between injectors (1) is preferably between 10 and 60 cm, and its distance is fixed by the size of the bulb (13) of water saturated in oxygen generated by each injector (1) in the sediment, so that at a lower size of said bulb (13), the distance between injectors (1) in the pipe (9) is smaller.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    5
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    1 Anoxic marine sediment remediation procedure, comprising the stages of:
    - seawater aspiration;
    - storage in a tank of said aspirated seawater; and it is characterized because it also includes:
    - a treatment in the reservoir of seawater aspirated with a bubbling system until the water reaches a concentration of dissolved oxygen in a range between 6 and 9 mg O2 / L at 20 ° C;
    - the injection of said water saturated in oxygen in a hydraulic circuit that has a plurality of injectors that are introduced into the sediment to be treated and in which the injectors have perforations where the water saturated in oxygen is injected into said sediment; Y
    - in which the injection of saturated oxygen water into the sediment is carried out with a sequence of between 90-180 minutes of rest and 50-70 minutes of injection.
    [2]
    2. - Procedure for remediation of anoxic marine sediments, according to claim 1, characterized in that the bubbling is by fine bubbles between 5 and 25 pm in diameter.
    [3]
    3. - Procedure for remediation of anoxic marine sediments, according to claim 1, characterized in that each injector is introduced into the sediment at a depth (a) of between 10-30cm.
    [4]
    4. - Procedure for remediation of anoxic marine sediments, according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection pressure is between 2 and 130 atmospheres.
    [5]
    5. - Injector (1) to carry out a marine sediment remediation procedure, characterized by being a rigid cylindrical conduit connected to a feed pipe (9) at its upper end and in which the lower end (11) that is introduced into the sediment (10) has a conical shape, being sealed at its tip, and having a plurality of perforations (12) in its wall that inject water saturated with oxygen forming an oxygenation bulb (13) in the sediment (10) to treat
    [6]
    6. - Injector according to claim 5, characterized in that it is conduit with a length of
    between 40 and 120 cm and with a diameter of between 4 and 12 mm.
    10
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    [7]
    7. - Injector, according to claim 5, characterized in that it has perforations (12) with circular section with a diameter of between 0.5 and 3 mm, in a strip of 1 and 7 cm high, and being the beginning of this Strip a distance of 2 and 7 cm from the tip.
    [8]
    8. - Injector according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of perforations (12) is between 15 and 25.
    [9]
    9. - Injector, according to claim 5, characterized in that it has perforations (12) with rectangular section in a mesh with mesh light between 100-1000 microns, in a strip of 1 and 7 cm high, and the beginning being from this strip a distance of 2 and 7 cm from the tip.
    [10]
    10. - System for carrying out a procedure of remediation of marine sediments, comprising at least one injector (1) according to any of claims 5-9, is further characterized by comprising a suction pump (2) that sucks water from the sea ; a reservoir (2) where the seawater driven from the suction pump (2) is saturated with oxygen and has a bubbling system, an oximeter (7) and a discharge pump (9) of the saturated water; and a hydraulic system formed by pipes (9) that feed oxygen saturated water to the plurality of injectors (1) introduced into the marine sediment (10) to be treated.
    [11]
    11. - System according to claim 10, characterized in that the bubble system is formed by an external blower (5) of at least 0.2 kW and a plurality of diffusers (4) fine bubble generators (40) of between 5 and 25 pm in diameter distributed at the bottom of the tank (2).
    [12]
    12. - System according to claim 10, characterized in that the distance between injectors (1) in a pipe (9) of the hydraulic circuit is in the order of between 10 and 60 cm.
    [13]
    13. - System according to claim 10, characterized in that a plurality of filters (8) are available in the tank (2).
    [14]
    14. - System according to claim 11, characterized in that the filters (8) are located at the inlet of the seawater intake.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2691307B2|2019-04-12|
    WO2018215680A1|2018-11-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO1998042626A1|1997-03-26|1998-10-01|Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation|Remediation material and remediation process for sediments|
    US6948881B1|2003-03-21|2005-09-27|University Of New Hampshire|Remediation injection vessel for marshes, tidal flats, and wetlands|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730723A|ES2691307B2|2017-05-24|2017-05-24|PROCEDURE, INJECTOR AND REMEDIATION SYSTEM OF ANOXIC MARINE SEDIMENTS|ES201730723A| ES2691307B2|2017-05-24|2017-05-24|PROCEDURE, INJECTOR AND REMEDIATION SYSTEM OF ANOXIC MARINE SEDIMENTS|
    PCT/ES2018/070363| WO2018215680A1|2017-05-24|2018-05-18|Method, injector and system for the remediation of anoxic marine sediments|
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